Weight loss was faster, greater and remained "significantly better" six years after gastric bypass compared with patients who received moncler jackets a gastric band, according to researchers.
The study, which involved more than 400 patients in Switzerland, is one of the longest studies of the two common procedures in the U.S. that limit the amount of food the stomach can hold. It was published online Monday in the Archives of Surgery.
Weight loss was measured by looking at group changes in body mass index at various times after surgery. BMI is a measure that estimates body fat by using a person's height and weight. People with BMIs of 30 or higher are considered obese.
Study participants started out with an average BMI of about 43. After a year, the average BMI in the bypass group fell below 30, while those receiving a gastric band had a BMI of about 34. Researchers said maximum weight loss was achieved after an average of three years for the gastric-band patients compared with 18 months for the bypass group.
Total cholesterol remained unchanged in patients cheap moncler jackets who underwent gastric banding but decreased in patients who underwent gastric bypass.
The study looked at what are considered treatment failures, which was measured by a reversal of the procedures, or patients who had a BMI of 35 six years after surgery. The failure rate for gastric banding was 48.3% compared with 12.3% for bypass.
Gastric banding involves the placements of a band around the top part of the stomach to create a small pouch. In gastric-bypass surgery, surgeons reduce the size of the stomach and the smaller stomach is then attached to the middle of the small intestine, bypassing a section of the intestine and thereby limiting the absorption of calories. About 200,000 Americans undergo surgical procedures to shrink their stomachs each year.
The study involved 442 patients who were operated on between moncler March 1998 and May 2005. Half of the patients received a gastric band while the other half underwent the Roux-en-Y procedure, a common gastric-bypass procedure in the U.S. Patients were matched according to sex, age and BMI. Patients had a BMI of more than 40, or more than 35 with at least one other disease such as diabetes, but didn't exceed a BMI of 50.
The gastric-bypass patients had a higher rate of complications immediately after surgery. The study showed the early complication rate for gastric bypass was 17.2% compared with 5.4% for banding. But in the long term, there were more complications and more follow-up operations after gastric banding.
Robin Blackstone, the president of the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery who practices in Scottsdale, Ariz., explained that gastric banding initially seemed safer than gastric-bypass surgery in the first three months after the procedure. She says the long-term data involving both procedures will help doctors better determine treatment choices for obese patients. "What's important is how effective both procedures are," she says.
Dr. Blackstone said obese patients who don't cheap moncler have underlying diseases like Type 2 diabetes or high blood pressure can be good candidates for gastric-banding procedures while heavier and sicker patients are more likely to benefit from gastric bypass.
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2012年1月16日星期一
2011年12月14日星期三
Minutes after the actress left the Airport Courthouse
This isn't the first time Microsoft has used free phones to win people over to its mobile platform. In August, the software giant offered free Windows Phones to webOS developers after Hewlett-Packard moncler jackets announced it was discontinuing its webOS device lineup. HP recently announced it would make webOS an open source project and may release a new webOS tablet in 2013.
RuFraud
Google recently removed 22 malicious apps purporting to be legitimate versions of popular programs such as Cut The Rope and Angry Birds. The apps were packaged with malware that would send fake text messages to premium-rate SMS numbers, costing the user around $5 per SMS.
The so-called RuFraud scam targeted European users and did not affect Android phones in North America. Lookout Security, the firm that first brought the scam to Google's attention, says it has since discovered another five RuFraud apps in the Android Market, bringing the total app count to 27.
Droid Rage in 140 characters or less
Microsoft's droidrage campaign is eliciting a number of tweets from disaffected Android users. "Had 100.00 worth of charges on my phone bill, called to see what the deal was, an app.has been sending charge to acct texts," said Twitter user Zac Leingang.
"Gave my mom a Droid phone as her first smartphone. Malware is constantly making her phone crash, making her wish she never got one," said Sergio Rivera. Other users are telling similar stories in hopes of getting a free phone.
Android malware
Microsoft may be capitalizing on Android's misfortunes at a particularly low point for Google's mobile OS, as concerns about malware on Android are on the rise. Lookout Mobile Security recently said that an Android user in the United States has a 40 percent chance of clicking on a malicious link from their handsets. The global likelihood is 36 percent, according to Lookout.
Microsoft Uses Android Malware Hysteria to Offer Free Windows PhonesSecurity firm McAfee in November said that Android malware increased cheap moncler jackets by 37 percent in the third quarter of 2011 compared to the preceding three-month period. Also in November, a particularly sensationalistic report from Juniper Networks said Android Malware had increased 472 percent since July.
Chris DiBona, Google's open source programs manager, recently shot back at the security industry, blaming Android malware hysteria on charlatans trying to sell security software.
While Google dukes it out with the security industry over Android malware, Microsoft appears to be reveling in its rival's misfortunes. But not everyone is impressed with Microsoft's offer.
A Los Angeles County Superior Court judge made a joke about Lindsay Lohan's appearance in Playboy during a hearing Wednesday in which she praised the actress for her progress on her community service.
"Miss Lohan, you have actually done your work,” Judge Stephanie Sautner told a beaming Lohan.
In the last month, the actress served her required 12 days of community service at the Los Angeles County coroner's office and one more than her four required therapy sessions -- requirements that the judge imposed on Lohan for violating her probation on a jewelry theft conviction and a 2007 conviction for driving under the influence.
Minutes after the actress left the Airport Courthouse, Lohan's attorney, Shawn Holley, reemerged with a black package wrapped in a white bow,giubbotti moncler outlet a gift from one of her most high-profile clients.
“I hope it’s not a signed copy of the Playboy,” Sautner quipped, referring to Lohan’s recent nude spread in the magazine.
RuFraud
Google recently removed 22 malicious apps purporting to be legitimate versions of popular programs such as Cut The Rope and Angry Birds. The apps were packaged with malware that would send fake text messages to premium-rate SMS numbers, costing the user around $5 per SMS.
The so-called RuFraud scam targeted European users and did not affect Android phones in North America. Lookout Security, the firm that first brought the scam to Google's attention, says it has since discovered another five RuFraud apps in the Android Market, bringing the total app count to 27.
Droid Rage in 140 characters or less
Microsoft's droidrage campaign is eliciting a number of tweets from disaffected Android users. "Had 100.00 worth of charges on my phone bill, called to see what the deal was, an app.has been sending charge to acct texts," said Twitter user Zac Leingang.
"Gave my mom a Droid phone as her first smartphone. Malware is constantly making her phone crash, making her wish she never got one," said Sergio Rivera. Other users are telling similar stories in hopes of getting a free phone.
Android malware
Microsoft may be capitalizing on Android's misfortunes at a particularly low point for Google's mobile OS, as concerns about malware on Android are on the rise. Lookout Mobile Security recently said that an Android user in the United States has a 40 percent chance of clicking on a malicious link from their handsets. The global likelihood is 36 percent, according to Lookout.
Microsoft Uses Android Malware Hysteria to Offer Free Windows PhonesSecurity firm McAfee in November said that Android malware increased cheap moncler jackets by 37 percent in the third quarter of 2011 compared to the preceding three-month period. Also in November, a particularly sensationalistic report from Juniper Networks said Android Malware had increased 472 percent since July.
Chris DiBona, Google's open source programs manager, recently shot back at the security industry, blaming Android malware hysteria on charlatans trying to sell security software.
While Google dukes it out with the security industry over Android malware, Microsoft appears to be reveling in its rival's misfortunes. But not everyone is impressed with Microsoft's offer.
A Los Angeles County Superior Court judge made a joke about Lindsay Lohan's appearance in Playboy during a hearing Wednesday in which she praised the actress for her progress on her community service.
"Miss Lohan, you have actually done your work,” Judge Stephanie Sautner told a beaming Lohan.
In the last month, the actress served her required 12 days of community service at the Los Angeles County coroner's office and one more than her four required therapy sessions -- requirements that the judge imposed on Lohan for violating her probation on a jewelry theft conviction and a 2007 conviction for driving under the influence.
Minutes after the actress left the Airport Courthouse, Lohan's attorney, Shawn Holley, reemerged with a black package wrapped in a white bow,giubbotti moncler outlet a gift from one of her most high-profile clients.
“I hope it’s not a signed copy of the Playboy,” Sautner quipped, referring to Lohan’s recent nude spread in the magazine.
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